Limitations
There are several significant limitations of our study. First, this is a
retrospective study from a single tertiary referral center which likely
over represents individuals with severe manifestations of COVID-19
infection. Secondly, our study has a small sample size with a
comparative group that does not perfectly match our
COVID+ population. However, our
COVID+ population had decreased incidence of
comorbid conditions and structural heart abnormalities offering less
potential for confounding than our standard intensive care population.