Outcomes
The primary outcome was cardiac remodeling within 1 year postoperatively. Functional, anatomical, and hemodynamic assessments included preoperative and postoperative LVEF, LV internal dimension in diastole (LVIDd), LA size (mm), LA volume index (ml/m2), MV area (MVA) (cm2), and MV peak and mean gradients. Secondary outcomes include mortality at any time postoperatively, postoperative stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), reoperation of the MV, and rehospitalization. Both during admission and following discharge for the index procedure, outcome data were collected and identified based on admitting diagnosis for any readmission. MI was defined as the primary diagnosis of ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) or non-STEMI for readmission any time during the follow-up period. Stroke was defined as the primary diagnosis at readmission at any point during the follow-up period. Reoperation of the MV was defined as MVR, surgical repair, or repair of complications originating from the index procedure. New-onset AF was defined as AF arising after the index procedure with no prior history of AF. Residual MR included moderate or severe MR within 1 year postoperatively.