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Figure 1. Representative image of ablation index-guided high-power atrial fibrillation catheter ablation under Carto-Sound system.
Figure 2. Step-by-step illustration of FLAVOR approach. LAA, left atrial appendage; P, posterior; R, right; A, anterior; PA, posteroanterior; LSPV, left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV, left inferior pulmonary vein.
Figure 3. Illustration of ICE with FLAVOR approach to measure LAA orifice and landing zone and to assess the position of the device and residual flow at four angles (90°, 135°, 0°, and 45°). Expanded view of LAA orifice and ICE planes at 90° (A), 135° (G), 0° (M), and 45° (S). Posteroanterior (B, H, N, T) and left lateral views (C, I, O, U) of three-dimensional reconstruction of the left atrium and the corresponding position of the ICE catheter are shown. Measurement of the LAA orifice and landing zone (D, J, P, V) and assessment of the device position and residual flow (E, K, Q, W) using ICE with long-axis views at the four angles after release are also depicted. Pre-procedural TEE views of the LAA at 90°, 45°, 0°, and 135° (F, L, R, X) were similar to the ICE views at 90°, 135°, 0°, and 45° (D, J, P, V). LAA, left atrial appendage; ICE, intracardiac echocardiography. TEE, transesophageal echocardiography.
Figure 4. Residual peri-device flow detected by ICE-guided FLAVOR approach after LAmbre LAA device detachment. Color Doppler evaluation of the residual peri-device leakage in 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° views of ICE images with LAmbre LAA device using FLAVOR approach (A–D). ICE, intracardiac echocardiography; LAA, left atrial appendage.
Figure 5. Observed stroke and bleeding rates during follow-up versus expected annual stroke and bleeding risk.