Effect
of Pour Point Depressants Combined with Dispersants on the Cold Flow
Properties of Biodiesel-Diesel Blends
Baoting Su1,2 ∙
Lulu Wang1,2 ∙ Yuan Xue2,3,* ∙
Jincan Yan2 ∙ Zhenbiao Dong2 ∙
Hualin Lin2,* ∙ Sheng Han1,2,*
1School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Shanghai
University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 200336, China
2School
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Shanghai
Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
3 School of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093,
China
* Corresponding author: Fax: +86-021-60873565, Tel: +86-02160873560;
Email address:
sit_xueyuan@163.com
(Yuan Xue),
64061787@qq.com
(Hualin Lin), hansheng654321@sina.com (Sheng Han).
Abstract
Poor cold flow property is a major issue that hinders the application of
biodiesel-diesel blends. In this
work, a series of methacrylate-benzyl methacrylate-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone
terpolymers
(RMC-MB-NVP,
R= C12, C14, C16,
C18) was synthesized and used as the pour point
depressants (PPDs) for waste cooking oil biodiesel blends. To further
improve their depressive effects, dispersants, including Tween (40, 60,
and 80), Span (40, 60, and 80), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), and fatty
alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (FAPE; FAPE 5, FAPE 7, and FAPE 9), were
optimized and combined with the C14MC-MB-NVP
terpolymers. The effects of C14MC-MB-NVP terpolymers and
combined PPDs (PPDC) on the cloud point (CP), cold filter-plugging point
(CFPP), and pour point (PP) of biodiesel blends were studied.
Here, results showed that the
presence of dispersants can
efficiently enhance the solubility and dispersibility of polymeric PPDs
in biodiesel blends; thus, the PPDC presents better depressive effects.
Among of them, C16MC-MB-NVP (5:1:1) combined with FAPE 7
dispersant at 4:1 mass ratio (PPDC-FAPE 7) showed the best synergistic
effect, and the CP, CFPP, and PP of B20 treated with 2000 ppm PPDC-FAPE
7 decreased by 4, 10 and 19 °C, respectively. Moreover, differential
scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscope and rheological
analyses were performed to rationalize the action mechanism of these
PPDs and dispersants in biodiesel blends.