Study population
Five hundred and ninety-nine consecutive patients (69% men; mean age, 68 ± years, 60% paroxysmal AF) who underwent a total of 686 ablation procedures (including 538 of the first procedures, and 148 of redo procedures) for AF from January 2015 to April 2020 were retrospectively examined. A total of 7 patients (1.2%) showed ATP-induced AF following PV isolation were enrolled in this analysis. All antiarrhythmic drugs, including amiodarone, were discontinued for at least five half-lives before the procedure.
Written informed consent for the procedure was obtained from all patients. The institutional review board approved this retrospective study protocol.