Results
90 patients were included in the study. 74 (82.2%) of the patients were Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), eight (8.9%) of patients were vestibular neuritis (VN), and eight (8.9 %) of them were Meniere’s disease (MD). 54 (60%) patients were female and 36 (40%) of them were male. 40 (44.4%) of the patients were under 50 years old and 50 (55.6%) patients were older than 50 years. VOR gain loss was detected in 61 of 90 patients (67.8%) according to vHIT. Pathological deficiency of VOR for SCCs was detected in 49 of 74 (66.2%) patients with BPPV, all eight patients with VN (100%), and four of eight patients with Meniere’s disease (50%) (Table 1). 40 (44.4%) of the patients were under 50 years old and 50 (55.6%) patients were older than 50 years. While SCC pathology was detected in 25 of 36 male (69.9%) it was detected in 36 of 54 female (66.6%) patients. There was no significant difference between genders for the rate of SCC with VOR gain deficiency (p= 0,192), (Table 2) .
According to caloric stimulation, an average of 54.5±10.6% decrease in response was detected in VN patients. VOR gain deficiency was detected in all eight patients with VN. There were three (37.5%) patients with both RL and RA involvement (Fig. 2) , three (37.5%) patients with RL, one (12.5%) patient with RP, and one(12.5%) patient with both LL and LP involvement. The average VOR gain value was 0.77±0.03 for lateral SCCs and 0.65±0.11 for vertical SCCs. VOR gain loss was detected in 4 of eight (50%) patients with Meniere’s disease in vHIT (RL=2, LL=2). The average VOR gain value is calculated as 0.66±0.05 in pathological lateral SCCs. The average VOR gain value was 0,74 ±0,08 in BPPV, 0.65±0.11 in VN, and 0.66±0.05 in MD (p=0.253, Kruskal-Wallis test).
According to physical examination and diagnostic maneuvers, BPPV was most caused by LP SCC (n= 27, 36.4%), and at least by RA SCC (n=2, 2.7%). According to vHIT, RL SCC (average VOR= 0,76±0,08) involvement was detected 26 (35.1%) patients with BPPV . LP SCC (average VOR= 0,73±0,09) involvement was detected in 11 (14.8%) patients, and LA SCC (average VOR= 0,3±0,17) involvement was in 4 (5.4%) patients(Fig. 3) . The sensitivity and specificity calculated as 55.4% and 81.2% for all BPPV patients. The highest sensitivity rate was found for LA and RA SCC (100%), while the highest specificity was calculated for RL SCC (22.5%). VOR gain deficiency was detected in 15 (20.2 %) patients in one or more SCCs in the BPPV group. Both LL and LA SCCs involvement found in 3 (20%) patients most frequently (Table 3).