Dietary acid load and risk of prostate cancer: (a case-control study)
Abstract
Background: There are few studies which have shown inconsistent results
regarding the associations between dietary acid load (DAL) and the risk
of cancer. This study aimed to examine the association between DAL and
prostate cancer (PC) risk among Iranian population.
Methods: One hundred and twenty participants (60 controls and 60 newly
diagnosed PC patients) engaged in a hospital-based case-control study.
Validated 160-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)
was used to assess usual dietary intakes. DAL was calculated using
potential renal acid load (PRAL) and the net endogenous acid production
(NEAP). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds
ratios.
Results: Both PRAL (OR=5.44; 95% CI= (2.09-14.17)) and NEAP (OR=4.88;
95% CI= (2.22-13.41)) were associated with increased risk of PC in
crude model. After adjusting for potential confounders (energy intake,
smoking, physical activity, ethnicity, job, education, and some drugs
usage) compared to the first category, being in the third category of
PRAL (OR=3.42; 95% CI= (1.11-8.65)) and NEAP (OR=3.88; 95% CI=
(1.26-9.55)) was associated with increased risk of PC.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that DAL could be associated with
increased risk of PC. However, further prospective studies with larger
sample sizes and longer durations are needed to confirm these findings.
What is already known about this topic? The association between
dietary acid load and several cardiovascular risk factors has been
investigated previously but few studies investigated the association
between diet-dependent acid load with cancer.What does this article add? Our findings showed that DAL could
be associated with increased risk of PC
Keywords: Dietary acid load, NEAP, PRAL, Prostate cancer,
Case-control.