A study on hip fracture patients found that The thirty-day mortality rate was significantly higher for patients who had received a cemented implant, female patients, elderly patients, patients with cardiorespiratory comorbidities, \cite{Parvizi2004}. Another study in hip fracture patients also found a higher mortality in the first 48h in patients receiving cemented implants, this risk was exacerbated in patients with cardiovascular morbidity \cite{Hossain_2012}
The damage to pulmonary vasculature and ensuing cardio-respiratory dysfunction \cite{Rinecker_1980} seems to be secondary to the activation of the coagulation by the debris from damaged bone marrow, the effect of cement and prosthesis in the femoral canal and the cytotoxic methylmethacrylate monomer \cite{Dahl_1997}.