Figure legends
Figure 1: Invasive monitoring shows three discontinuous pressure changes in LV diastole: the lowest or minimum pressure in early diastole, the second before the ventricular A wave, and the third at the end of diastole. LAP also changes during diastole. LVP=Left ventricular pressure, LAP=left atrial pressure, MLAP=mean left atrial pressure, LVFPmin=minimum left ventricular filling pressure, Pre-LV A wave pressure=pressure of ventricular A wave.
Figure 2: A. The LV stiffness constant, defined as the slope of pressure-volume relationship. B. Diastolic wall strain (DWS) = (LV posterior wall thickness at end-systole - LV posterior wall thickness at end-diastole) /(LV posterior wall thickness at end-systole). C. Intrinsic velocity propagation of myocardial stretch (iVP). D. The time-velocity integral (TVI) measurements of pulmonary venous and transmitral flows. The figure shows the correlation between Echocardiography-derived indices and the invasive LV stiffness constant.