Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of radiological staging, especially renal venous and perirenal fat invasion, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Material & Methods: Data of 4823 renal tumor patients from Renal Tumor Database of Association of Uro-oncology in Turkey were evaluated. Of 4823 patients, 3309 RCC patients had complete radiological and histopathological data were included to this study. The Pearson Chi-squared test (χ2) was used to compare radiological and histopathological stages. Results: The mean (SD) age of 3309 patients was 58 (12.3). Preoperative radiological imaging was performed using computed tomography (CT) (n=2510, 75.8%) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=799, 24.2%). There was a substantial concordance between radiological and pathological staging (к=0.52, p<0.001). Sensitivities of radiological staging in stage I, II, III and IV were 90.7%, 67.3%, 27.7% and 64.2%, respectively. The sensitivity in stage III was lower than the other stages. Sub-analysis of stage IIIa cases revealed that, for perirenal fat invasion and renal vein invasion, sensitivity values were 15.4% and 11.3%, respectively. Conclusions: There was a substantial concordance between radiological (CT and/or MRI) and pathological T staging in RCC. However, this is not true for T3 cases. Sensitivity of preoperative radiological imaging in patients with pT3a tumors is insufficient and lower than the other stages. Consequently, preoperative imaging in patients with T3 RCC has to be improved, in order to better inform the patients regarding prognosis of their disease.

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of postoperative early mobilization in patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and ileal conduit in terms of healing process and QOL. Methods: This multicenter prospective randomized controlled study was conducted with 40 patients who were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group was mobilized within the first 16 hours postoperatively in accordance with the mobilization procedure which determined according to literature. Data were collected using the case report form, HADS and SF-36 QoL scale. Results: Postoperative hospitalization, duration of narcotic analgesic administration, first oral food intake, flatus, defecation and NG tube termination time were shorter in the intervention group. In the control group blood glucose and pulse values were higher after mobilization. SF-36 physical function, physical role difficulty and general perception of health were higher in intervention group at the postoperative first and third month (p <0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that early mobilization contributed to the healing process positively and improved the quality of life in the patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and ileal conduit surgery. Keywords: Early Mobilization, Radical Cystectomy, Ileal conduit, Quality of Life, Convalescence

Aims The relationship between nutrition and overactive bladder (OAB) is known. This study investigates the relationship between Mediterranean type diet and OAB. Methods 14-Item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener(MeDAS) and OAB-V8 Bladder Inquiry Form, validated in Turkish, were presented to 500 patients over the age of 18 who applied to outpatient clinics other than urology outpatient clinics. Those with chronic diseases and urinary tract infections (by urinalysis and detailed medical history) were excluded. Results There was a negative correlation between the MeDAS and OAB-V8 scores. High OAB-V8 scoring was associated with obesity (BMI ≥ 30), being single and low education level. Conclusions Dietary patterns represent a broader perspective of food and nutrient consumption and may therefore be more predictive of disease risk. Mediterranean type diet should be recommended in the first-line treatment of patients with OAB symptoms. It is easily possible to determine the compliance of patients with this diet by using 14-Item MeDAS. Keywords: Mediterranean Diet , Overactive bladder, Nutrition

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of ablation therapy in our clinic for the treatment of patients with small renal mass Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the technic and follow-up data of 30 patients with 36 tumors who underwent Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) and Microwave Ablation (MWA) in our clinic. Demographic data, ablation type, tumor characteristics, peroperative and postoperative complications and treatment success of the patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 36 tumors who underwent ablation treatments, 23 were treated with RFA, 13 with MWA. The mean tumor size was 28.9 ± 6.92 mm in RFA and 29.3 ± 7.70 mm in MWA. 12 (52.1%) of the RFA procedures were applied to the right kidney while 11 (47.8%) were applied to the left kidney. 6 (46.1%) of the MWA procedures were performed on the right kidney and 7 (53.8%) on the left kidney. Of the 36 tumors, 4 (11.1%) were located central and 32 (88.8%) were peripheral. Complications occurred in 2 patients. In one of these patients, acute renal failure and urea creatinine were found to be elevated. In the other patient, local pain was found in the ablation side and minor bleeding was detected at the ablation site in USG. The mean follow-up period was 49.6 ± 24.7 months in patients with RFA and mean follow-up was 16 ± 8,05 months in MWA treatments. The overall success in MWA administration was calculated as 76.9%, while the overall success in RFA was 80%. Conclusion: Long-term oncologic efficacy of RFA appears to be successful in the treatment of T1a renal carcinomas. Further studies can be conducted to elucidate the influence of MWA on long-term oncological outcomes.

Abstract Purpose: To compare the functional outcomes of patients who underwent partial (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) for clinical T1 (cT1) renal tumors using the Kidney Cancer Database of the Urooncology Association, Turkey. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1004 patients who underwent PN and RN for cT1 renal tumors at multiple academic tertiary centers between 2000 and 2018. Patients with preoperative end-stage chronic kidney disease and/or metastatic disease were excluded. Results: There were 452 patients in the PN group and 552 patients in the RN group. The eGFR was significantly reduced in both groups on postoperative day one (PN=13.7 vs. RN=19.1 ml/min/1.73 m2: p<0.001). In the PN group, eGFR showed a tendency to recover according to a quadratic pattern and reached preoperative levels in the first and third years (95.6±28.8 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 96.9±28.9 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively), with no significant difference between the eGFRs in the 1st and 3rd years (p=0.710). To define groups at risk, different cut-off values for the GFR were considered. Among patients with a baseline GFR<90, the RN cohort had significantly lower eGFRs in the first and third years than the PN cohort (p=0.02). Logistic regression showed that comorbidities, coronary artery disease, diabetes and hypertension had no adverse impacts on the changes in the eGFR (p=0.60, p=0.13, and p=0.13, respectively). Conclusion: For the treatment of stage T1 kidney tumors, the first choice should be open or laparoscopic partial nephrectomy due to the superior long-term preservation of renal function and overall survival, regardless of age and comorbidities.

Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of treatment on IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and neopterin levels in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods Thirty patients with NMIBC and 30 age-matched controls were included in the study. Preoperative, postoperative first control (at two weeks after second transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT)) and second control (at the end of intravesical immunotherapy) blood samples were analyzed by ELISA to determine IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and neopterin levels. The mean cytokine levels of the patients were statistically compared as well as comparing the patients’ and controls’ levels. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the mean IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and neopterin levels of the patient and control group before initial TURBT. In the patient group, there were no statistically significant differences in the IL-6 and IL-8 levels after both TURBT and intravesical BCG therapy. The mean of preoperative IL-1 and neopterin levels significantly decrease after TURBT (p<0.05=). However this reduction do not continue after intravesical BCG instillations. Conclusions The finding of this study showed that the IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and neopterin levels of the patients with NMIBC were similar to the levels of healthy controls. The IL-1 and neopterin levels significantly decreased after TURBT. But this reductions did not continue after intravesical BCG instillation. These findings demonstrate that IL-1 and neopterin levels decrease after TURBT due to the reduction of tumor weight or tumor removal.

Objectives: To compare pain, quality of life(QoL), sexual function and lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS) between rigid(RC) and flexible cystoscopy(FC). Methods: Forty-one patients who were planned control cystoscopies were enrolled the study. At the first cystoscopy, 20 patients(Group 1) and other 21 patients(Group 2) were performed by using flexible(15,5Fr) and rigid cystoscope(15,5Fr), respectively. At the second cystoscopies, the patients in group 1 and group 2 were performed by using rigid and flexible cystosacope, respectively. In all the patients, pain was measured with visual pain scale(VPS) shortly after cystoscopy. Also SF, QoL and LUTS were assessed by using IIEF, SF-36 and MLUTS forms, respectively. Results: While 22 of the patients preferred FC, the other 19 preferred RC(p>0,05). There were no statistically differences between VPS, IIEF, SF-36 and MLUTS scores of the two groups. In multivariate analysis regarding quality of life, although sexual function, pain and cystoscopy type did not affect QoL, voiding symptoms affected independently QoL. After the both cystoscopy type, IIEF, SF-36 and MLUTS scores did not change statistically. Conclusion: The results showed that the effects on pain, sexual function, QoL and LUTS of RC and FC were similar. In general, cystoscopy did not affect negatively on QoL, sexual function and LUTS of the patients.