3.5 Identification of DEGs among different developmental stages
from winged or wingless M. dirhodum
For the transcriptome analysis of the different developmental stages of
wingless M. dirhodum , 55 DEGs were detected between third- and
fourth-instar nymphs (WW3/WW4), including 12 upregulated and 43
downregulated genes in third-instar nymphs compared to fourth-instar
individuals. Thirty-three DEGs were detected between fourth-instar
nymphs and adults (WW4/WWC), of which 30 genes were upregulated and 3
were downregulated in fourth-instar nymphs compared to adults. A total
of 231 DEGs were detected between the wingless third-instar nymphs and
adults (WW3/WWC), including 129 upregulated and 102 downregulated genes
in the third-instar nymphs, compared to the adults (Fig. 5A, Table S5).
Among them, 39 genes were differentially expressed in both the WW3/WW4
and WW4/WWC groups, 28 genes were differentially expressed in both the
WW3/WWC and WW4/WWC groups, and no differentially expressed genes were
found in either the WW3/WWC or WW3/WW4 groups (Fig. 5A, Table S5).
For the transcriptome analysis of the different developmental stages of
winged M. dirhodum , 134 DEGs were detected between the third- and
fourth-instar nymphs (WY3/WY4), including 22 upregulated and 112
downregulated genes in the third-instar nymphs compared to the
fourth-instar individuals. A total of 334 DEGs were detected between
fourth-instar nymphs and adults (WY4/WYC), including 289 upregulated and
45 downregulated genes in the fourth-instar nymphs, compared to adults.
A total of 692 DEGs were detected between the third-instar nymphs and
adults (WY3/WYC), including 320 upregulated and 372 downregulated genes
in the third-instar nymphs, compared to winged adults (Fig. 5B, Table
S6). Among them, 66 genes were differentially expressed in both the
WY3/WY4 and WY3/WYC groups, 61 genes were differentially expressed in
both the WY3/WY4 and WY4/WYC groups, 141 genes were differentially
expressed in both the WY3/WYC and WY4/WYC groups, and 13 genes were
differentially expressed in all three comparison groups (WY3/WY4,
WY4/WYC and WY3/WYC) (Fig. 5B, Table S6). All these DEGs might be
related to the development and metamorphosis of M. dirhodum .