2.1 Insects
The Metopolophium dirhodum population used in the present study
was originally collected from Langfang, Hebei Province, China in 2018
and then reared on wheat seedlings in our laboratory, which was
maintained at 22 ± 2 °C and 60% relative humidity with a 16 h light:8 h
dark cycle, for more than 2 years.