Methods:
From October 2014 to July 2018 a total of 1548 patients were referred in our center for first time and/or redo interventional treatment of medically refractory recurrent paroxysmal and persistent AF. Seventy-one of those patients (Age: 61 ± 12 years, males: 47) developed recurrent AF after index RF-PVI and underwent a second procedure in our center. A 3D-RA was performed before index and redo procedure for the subset of patients in the presented analysis. This study was reviewed and approved by our institutional ethics committee and all patients granted their written consent to participate.