FE-NIV technique
All neonates underwent FE-NIV-SPI in bedside of neonatal intensive care unit with continuous vital signs monitoring. Intravenous procedural sedation was recommended with midazolam (0.1-0.3 mg/kg) and topical anesthesia of 2% lidocaine solution 1-2 ml/kg, and preserved spontaneous ventilation as possible. Details of this FE-NIV-SPI approach have reported previously8-11 and describes in below.