FIGURE LEGENDS
FIGURE 1 . Changes in PaO2 (A),
PaCO2 (B), AaDO2 (C), and base excess
(D) over the 4 h post-injury period after different intratracheal
treatments in the five study groups. Control group, no treatment;
IT-NS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD
group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta
(10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a
solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment
with a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone.
PaO2, oxygen tension in arterial blood;
PaO2, carbon dioxide tension in arterial blood;
AaDO2, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient.
ap < 0.05 versus control group;bp < 0.05 versus IT-NS-BUD group;cp < 0.05 versus IT-FS-BUD group;dp < 0.05 versus IT-DS-BUD group. Data in
each group (n = 5) are expressed as mean ± SEM.
FIGURE 2 . Changes in oxygen index (A), mean arterial pressure
(B), peak inspiratory pressure (C), and heart rate (D) over the 4 h
post-injury period after different intratracheal treatments in the five
study groups. Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group, treatment
with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5
mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group,
treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of full-strength Survanta
(25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment with a solution of full-strength
Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone.
ap < 0.05 versus control group;bp < 0.05 versus IT-NS-BUD group;cp < 0.05 versus IT-FS-BUD group;dp < 0.05 versus IT-DS-BUD group. Data in
each group (n = 5) are expressed as mean ± SEM.
FIGURE 3 . Representative pulmonary histological
photomicrographs of the five study groups with different intratracheal
treatments. Lung sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5
mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a
solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with
BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL);
IT-FS group, treatment with a solution of full-strength Survanta (25
mg/mL) alone.
FIGURE 4 . Representative pulmonary photomicrographs of
immunohistochemical expression of myeloperoxidase (A) and TNF-α (B) in
the five study groups with different intratracheal treatments.
Myeloperoxidase is a marker of neutrophil activation, whereas TNF-α is
an inflammatory cytokine. Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group,
treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment
with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL);
IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of
full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment with a
solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone.
FIGURE 5. Semiquantitative analysis of immunohistochemical
expression of myeloperoxidase and TNF-α in lung sections from the five
study groups. The percentage of positive staining cells per slide (0%
to 100%) was multiplied by the dominant intensity pattern of staining
(0, negative or trace; 1, weak; 2, moderate; 3, intense). The maximal
score was 300.
*p < 0.05 versus control group.