FIGURE LEGENDS
FIGURE 1 . Changes in PaO2 (A), PaCO2 (B), AaDO2 (C), and base excess (D) over the 4 h post-injury period after different intratracheal treatments in the five study groups. Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment with a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone. PaO2, oxygen tension in arterial blood; PaO2, carbon dioxide tension in arterial blood; AaDO2, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient.
ap < 0.05 versus control group;bp < 0.05 versus IT-NS-BUD group;cp < 0.05 versus IT-FS-BUD group;dp < 0.05 versus IT-DS-BUD group. Data in each group (n = 5) are expressed as mean ± SEM.
FIGURE 2 . Changes in oxygen index (A), mean arterial pressure (B), peak inspiratory pressure (C), and heart rate (D) over the 4 h post-injury period after different intratracheal treatments in the five study groups. Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment with a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone.
ap < 0.05 versus control group;bp < 0.05 versus IT-NS-BUD group;cp < 0.05 versus IT-FS-BUD group;dp < 0.05 versus IT-DS-BUD group. Data in each group (n = 5) are expressed as mean ± SEM.
FIGURE 3 . Representative pulmonary histological photomicrographs of the five study groups with different intratracheal treatments. Lung sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment with a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone.
FIGURE 4 . Representative pulmonary photomicrographs of immunohistochemical expression of myeloperoxidase (A) and TNF-α (B) in the five study groups with different intratracheal treatments. Myeloperoxidase is a marker of neutrophil activation, whereas TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine. Control group, no treatment; IT-NS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in saline; IT-DS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of diluted Survanta (10 mg/mL); IT-FS-BUD group, treatment with BUD (0.5 mg/kg) in a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL); IT-FS group, treatment with a solution of full-strength Survanta (25 mg/mL) alone.
FIGURE 5. Semiquantitative analysis of immunohistochemical expression of myeloperoxidase and TNF-α in lung sections from the five study groups. The percentage of positive staining cells per slide (0% to 100%) was multiplied by the dominant intensity pattern of staining (0, negative or trace; 1, weak; 2, moderate; 3, intense). The maximal score was 300.
*p < 0.05 versus control group.