Teffs: T effector cells; Tregs: T regulatory cells;  Tmem: T memory cells; APCs: Antigen-presenting cells; LKB1: Liver kinase B1; TCA: Tricarboxylic acid cycle; ETC: Electron transport chain; GLUT1: Glucose transporter 1; ATP:  Adenosine triphosphate; NAD: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; CoA: Coenzyme A; OXPHOS: Oxidative phosphorylation; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; DC: Dendritic cell; NK: Natural killer; PRRs: Pattern Recognition receptor; FAO: Fatty acid oxidation; IL: Interleukin; CD: Cluster of differentiation; Th: T helper cells; CPT1A: Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A; PD1: Pro­grammed cell death 1; nTreg: natural Treg; iTreg: induced Treg; pTreg: peripheral Treg; PDH: pyruvate dehydrogenase; PDHKs: PDH kinases; NAC: N-acetyl cysteine; GCN2: general control nonderepressible-2; ARG1: arginase 1; HDC: histidine decarboxylase; TDH: threonine dehydrogenase; IL4I1: interleukin-4 induced 1; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; TIGIT: T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains; LAG3: lymphocyte activation gene 3; NRP1: neuropilin 1; CTLA4: cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; GITR: Glucocorticoid induced TNF receptor; HIF1- α: Hypoxia inducible factor 1- α; mTORC1: mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; IRI: Ischemaic reperfusion injury; aGVHD: acute graft- versus- host disease; CNS2: conserved non-coding sequences; STAT4: signal transducer and activator of transcription 4; NF-κB: nuclear factor-κB; TGF-β: transforming growth factor-β; GGPP: geranyl pyrophosphate; 2DG: 2-Deoxy-D-glucose; DON: 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine; ATG5: Autophagy related 5; LC3-II: light chain 3-II; ULK1: unc-51-like kinase 1; ATG14: Autophagy Related 14; BET: Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif; PPP: Pentose phosphate pathway; SRC: spare respiratory capacity.