Table 1.  Pharmacological inhibitors of metabolic pathways and their effects on Treg and in diseases
 
 
Metabolic Pathway Drug Target Effect on Tregs Diseases Model animal Reference
Glucose metabolism 2-DG       Dichloroacetate Glycolysis       PDHK Induce Treg differentiation     Induce Treg generation Skin and heart transplantation     EAE Mouse       Mouse [101]       [61]
Lipid metabolism Soraphen A         acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors     Induce pTreg differentiation       EAE     Mouse [108]
Glutamine metabolism DON Glutamine uptake Induce Treg generation Skin and heart transplantation   Mouse [103]
Metabolic regulators Rapamycin       Metformin mTORC1       AMPK Enhance Treg cell expansion and stability   Induce Treg differentiation Graft Rejection       Skin and heart transplantation   Human     Mouse [113]     [106]
Epigenetic inhibtor JQ1 BET bromodomain inhibitor Enhanced expression of LKB1 and provide stability to Treg Heart transplantation   Mouse [112]