Table 4. The identified QTL, along with their marker name (chromosome with physical distance in mega base pair), maximum LOD values, and flanking markers with a LOD drop of 1.5 for panicle morphology traits (PL: panicle length; PBN: number of primary branches; SBN: number of secondary branches). The presence of genotype by environmental interaction is marked as ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ in column Q x E. The overlapping QTL confidence interval between traits indicates pleiotropic effect, and what other traits (FL50, TC, and BIO) have pleiotropy with panicle traits at each identified QTL position is marked in column Pleiotropy. FL50, TC, and BIO are flowering time, tiller count and biomass at the end of season, respectively.