This research project is supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. U1602265, Mapping Karst Biodiversity in Yunnan), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA20050202), the Chinese Academy of Sciences Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center fund (Grant No. Y4ZK111B01). This work is part of the Doctoral project of KCT supported by the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Government Scholarship council, P.R. China (CGS No. 2018SLJ023249) and the Zukunftskolleg Connect Fellowship at the University of Konstanz. DH is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant No. DEB-2127290), and by the Research Foundation–Flanders (Junior Postdoctoral Fellowship No. 1206620N) for his project “Laboulbeniales hyperparasitic fungi of bat flies: host specificity and patterns of speciation”. FG was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP (Grant No. 2017/24252-0, 2019/00648-7). RLM was supported by Bryce Carmine and Anne Carmine (née Percival), through the Massey University Foundation. AOA was financed by a postdoctoral grant from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Fundacão de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Pernambuco (FACEPE). PWW is supported by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine under the Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) Program. JB is supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior- Brasil (CAPES) (Finance Code 001). Proyecto CUBABAT is supported by the participants of Animal Experience International (https://
www.animalexperienceinternational.com/batsincuba) along with funding from The Antonio Núñez Jiménez Foundation for Nature and Humanity (FANJ); Empresa Nacional para la Protección de la Flora y la Fauna (ENPFF), Cuba; el Centro de Servicios Ambientales de Matanzas (CSAM); and The Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment of the Republic of Cuba (CITMA). HFMO was supported by a PhD scholarship and a postdoctoral fellowship from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel; CAPES and CAPES-PRINT). LHDS was supported by a MSc scholarship from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES. The field work was supported by Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa de Minas Gerais, Spelayon Consultoria, Carste Ciência Ambiental and Anglo American Brasil. We thank Fu Wuxiang and Chen Huanhua for organising our datasets from Chinese literature.