Conclusions
A hydrogel with a core-shell structure and sustainable release of lentinan and calcium ions based on the polycationic properties of chitosan was developed in this study. This hydrogel has multiple functions including the promotion of plant growth, continuous induction of plant resistance against the different virus, and enhancement ofCML30 expression to improve TMV resistance. These findings presented here form a solid basis for us to understand the resistance against TMV, highlight the importance of CML in plants against TMV infection and expand our tools to control plant virus diseases as well in the future.