Western blot
Total plant leaf protein was extracted using RIPA lysis buffer (ThermoFisher, MI, USA) and the protein concentration of the extracted samples was measured using the Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit. Cell lysates were loaded on SDS-polyacrylamide gels and electrophoretically separated. Proteins were transferred to PVDF membranes, blocked with 3% BSA for 0.5 h at room temperature, and incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. After washing 3 times with TBST, the cells were incubated with the secondary antibody for 1 h at room temperature. Signal was detected with the aid of a chemiluminescence instrument using standard ECL kits.