Statistical analysis
All statistical analyses were carried out using R 3.4.0 (R Development Core Team, 2020). We implemented the MCMC algorithm using JAGS software (Plummer, 2003) within R. Specifically, we used the following packages: rjags (Plummer, 2019), R2jags (Su & Yajima, 2020), and runjags (Denwood, 2016). We specified non-informative prior distributions for all parameters. Specifically, we used flat normal distributions for priors (dnorm(0, 0.01)) for both survival and resighting probabilities, as well as the intercept and slopes of covariates (age and wing length). We tested for the effect of sex on resighting probability and effects of age and wing length on survival probability. We ran three independent chains, each for 10,000 iterations, omitting the first 1000 as burn-in and thinning every 100 iterations to reduce autocorrelation. Values are mean ±SE.