Background
Maxillary sinus augmentation is frequently employed to provide adequate
vertical bone dimension for implant placement in sites with insufficient
bone height. There are two techniques available: (I) The lateral window
approach or (II) the transcrestal approach. The sinus lift lateral
window technique was introduced by Tatum in 1976 and by Boyne in
1980.
Since its introduction by Tatum, the sinus lift has undergone several
modifications to expand its feasibility and increase success rates with
reduced
complications(Sindel
et al.2018). One modification has been published by Summers in 1998 when
osteotomes were used to access the sinus cavity through a transcrestal
window.
Many different biomaterials have been used, including autogenous bone,
particulate alloplastic, xenogeneic or allogeneic bone substitutes. All
material groups show promising and predictable results(Aghaloo & Moy
2007). Moldable putty-like materials may be beneficial since they can
gently be squeezed through the transcrestal osteotomy(Kher et al. 2014),
and because of a decent particle distribution size may reduce risk of
tearing Schneiderian membrane. The dental putty is composed of a calcium
phosphate silicate trapped in a carrier(Mazor et al. 2013). The material
is ready to be used. Most studies indicate that 80-90 percent is
absorbed within 4-6 months, while regenerating bone at the same time.
The putty has consistently proven to regenerate bone when used for
socket grafting, grafting of periodontal defects or in crestal sinus
lift procedures(Gonshor et al. 2011, Uppal et al. 2011, Mahesh et
al.2012, Jodia et al.2014, Kotsakis et al.2014, Sindel et al. 2018, Mazor et al. 2013).