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\begin{document}

\title{Migration and Loss of Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae) at Southern Slope of
Mt. Slamet Central Java Indonesia}



\author[1]{Pudji Widodo}%
\author[2]{Titi Chasanah}%
\affil[1]{Universitas Jenderal Soedirman}%
\affil[2]{Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Fakultas Biologi}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 08, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Phlegmariurus is a genus of lycophyte plants in the family Lycopodiaceae
which is sensitive to climate change. In the past, there were four
species namely 1) Phlegmariurus phlegmaria, 2) P. nummulariifolius, 3)
P. carinatus, and 4) P. squarrosus found as epiphytic clubmosses on many
trees such as pines and Agathis on the southern slope of Mt. Slamet.
During 42 years there has been a significant loss of Phlegmariurus at
the slope which covers approximately 15,000 ha rain forest covering the
subdistrict of Cilongok in the west, Baturraden in the middle, and
Sumbang in the east. Some surveys that had been conducted from 1978 to
2020 showed that the presence frequency of the plant decreased. We
correlated the temperature increase data from NOAA and precipitaion data
from the local meteorology and geophysics data to the frequency of the
plants. Furthermore, we also interviewed ten nurseries which sold the
Phlegmariurus of approximately 60 nurseries (Figure 6). The information
we gathered showed that the location of the plant sources was above the
previous locations. We also observed the cultivated Phlegmariurus at
different altitudes namely at 95-97 m, 300-400 m, and 600-800 m a.s.l.
The result of this study showed that in the past there were a lot of
Phlegmariurus spp. However, in 2020 Phlegmariurus were absent in most
areas at the southern slope of Mt. Slamet. We proposed three causes of
the migration and loss of Phlegmariurus at the southern part of Mt.
Slamet namely: 1) The increase of temperature, the decrease of
precipitation, and 3) commercial hunting.%
\end{abstract}%



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