DENV1
Previous studies have shown that DENV1 infection can lead to typical
apoptosis in a variety of human and animal cells including BHK, HUH-7,
Vero and mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro 2a) cell
lines(Desprès, Flamand, Ceccaldi, &
Deubel, 1996; Nasirudeen, Li, & Ding,
2008). And DENV1 replicated in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) leads to
the activation of transcription factor NF-κB and induces
apoptosis(Marianneau, Cardona, Edelman,
Deubel, & Desprès, 1997). Another study found that accumulation of
DENV1 viral protein in the ER, rather than the release of virus, can
induce ER stress and activate the apoptosis pathway. In addition, DENV1
C and prM proteins have been shown to trigger MMP down-regulation and
p53 expression in HUH-7 cells, suggesting that mitochondria- and
p53-mediated pathways are very likely to participate in DENV1-induced
apoptosis(Nasirudeen et al., 2008). The
regulatory effects of DENV and its proteins on apoptosis are summarized
in Table 1.