Figure 2: Intracardiac electrograms (a), electroanatomic maps (b) and angiograms (c) of endocardial surface of the LAA
(a) Activation at the apex of the LAA is the earliest. (b)The earliest activation at the apex of the LAA was 112 ms ahead of CS9-10. (c) The tip of ablation catheter was at the apex of LAA. The Lasso catheter was placed at base of LAA.
ABL, ablation catheter; CS, coronary sinus; PV, decapolar circular mapping Lasso catheter
Figure 3: Electroanatomic maps (a) of epicardial surface of the LAA, surgical approach (b), a macroscoping findings(c) and angiograms of LAA (d)
(a) The earliest activation at the epicardial apex of the LAA was 120 ms ahead of CS9-10. The maroon tags represent radiofrequency applications at the earliest activation sites which terminated the AT (white arrow). (c) The middle sites of LAA epicardial surface had lesions from catheter ablation (black arrow).
ABL, ablation catheter; CS, coronary sinus; PV, decapolar circular mapping Lasso catheter
Table 1: Echocardiography parameters before and after the procedure
LAD, left atrium diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association.