|
Moderate-to-severe AD
(SCORAD≥25)
[N=14]
|
Mild AD (0<SCORAD<25)
[N=47]
|
Non-AD
[N=776]
|
Mean ± SD
|
Median (IQR)
|
Ethnicity |
Ethnicity |
Ethnicity |
Ethnicity |
Ethnicity |
Ethnicity |
Chinese |
11 (79) |
30 (64) |
441 (56.9) |
2.5 ± 5.0 |
0
(0,3) |
Malay |
0 (0) |
14 (30) |
197 (25.4) |
3.3 ± 9.0 |
0
(0,4) |
Indian |
3 (21) |
3 (6) |
137 (17.7) |
1.0 ± 1.9 |
0
(0,1.7) |
Mother’s education |
Mother’s education |
Mother’s
education |
Mother’s education |
Mother’s education |
Mother’s education |
Pre-university & above |
13 (93) |
35 (74) |
457 (59.4) |
1.9 ± 3.5 |
0
(0,2) |
Secondary & below |
1 (7) |
12 (26) |
312 (40.6) |
3.4 ± 8.5 |
0
(0,4) |
Monthly household income |
Monthly household income |
Monthly household income |
Monthly household income |
Monthly household income |
Monthly household
income |
0-1999 SGD |
1 (8) |
8 (18) |
108 (14.8) |
3.5 ± 6.1 |
1
(0,5) |
2000-3999 SGD |
1 (8) |
14 (33) |
213 (29.1) |
2.8 ± 6.4 |
0
(0,2) |
4000-5999 SGD |
4 (30) |
6 (14) |
188 (25.7) |
2.0 ± 3.5 |
0
(0,3) |
>6000 SGD |
7 (54) |
15 (35) |
222 (30.4) |
1.8 ± 3.5 |
0
(0,2) |
Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure |
Prenatal tobacco smoke
exposure |
Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure |
Prenatal
tobacco smoke exposure |
Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure |
Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure |
Yes |
3 (21) |
13 (29) |
277 (37.4) |
3.0 ± 8.0 |
0 (0,3) |
No |
11 (79) |
32 (71) |
463 (62.6) |
2.1 ± 4.8 |
0 (0,2) |
Child’s gender |
Child’s gender |
Child’s gender |
Child’s gender |
Child’s gender |
Child’s
gender |
Female |
8 (57) |
27 (57) |
363 (46.8) |
2.6 ± 7.4 |
0
(0,2) |
Male |
6 (43) |
20 (43) |
413 (53.2) |
2.3 ± 4.6 |
0
(0,3) |
Child’s daily frequency of sweet snack intake by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of sweet snack intake by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of sweet snack intake by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of sweet snack intake by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of sweet snack intake by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of sweet snack intake by
2-years |
Twice or more |
11 (78.6) |
20 (50) |
298 (43.7) |
3.0 ± 7.8 |
0
(0,4) |
Once or none |
3 (21.4) |
20 (50) |
384 (56.3) |
2.2 ± 4.6 |
0
(0,2) |
Child’s daily frequency of tooth brushing by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of tooth brushing by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of tooth brushing by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of tooth brushing by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of tooth brushing by 2-years |
Child’s daily frequency of tooth brushing by
2-years |
Twice or more |
8 (57.1) |
23 (57.5) |
359 (52.6) |
2.8 ± 7.3 |
0
(0,2) |
Once or none |
6 (42.9) |
17 (42.5) |
324 (47.4) |
2.3 ± 4.9 |
0
(0,3) |
Duration of breastfeeding (in months) |
Duration of
breastfeeding (in months) |
Duration of breastfeeding (in
months) |
Duration of breastfeeding (in months) |
|
|
Mean ± SD |
8.6 ± 10.3 |
7.1 ± 8.8 |
5.9 ± 7.9 |
|
|
SCORAD scoresa |
SCORAD
scoresa |
SCORAD scoresa |
SCORAD scoresa |
|
|
Mean ± SD |
37.8 ± 12.7 |
17.2 ± 4.6 |
N.A. |
|
|
Caries (dmfs) at 3-years |
Caries (dmfs) at 3-years |
Caries (dmfs) at 3-years |
Caries (dmfs) at 3-years |
|
|
Mean ± SD |
5.4 ± 4.6 b
|
2.2 ± 4.1 |
2.4 ± 5.1 |
|
|
Median (IQR) |
7 (1 to 10) |
0 (0 to 3.2) |
0 (0 to 2) |
|
|