Limitations
This study was a non-randomized retrospective observational study. Small sample size and inter-operator variability due to the skill of each operator may have affected the reliability of the study results. The measurement of RA size was not quantitatively assessed with CT or MRI images in all patients. All patients were Asian and differences in physique between races may affect applicability of our results to other races. There were differences in age and implanted devices between the 2 groups. However, we don’t believe they contributed to the study results. Further prospective multicenter studies will be required to elucidate the safety and efficacy of LV-LP guided by Inner-Cath alone.