Figure 3: Pathological findings
- Infarction: Infarctions show collapse of the intervillous
space and associated villous aggregation and coagulative necrosis, and
over time all nuclear structures disappear. They are accompanied by
neutrophil infiltration.
- Avascular terminal villi: Villous stromal-vascular
karyorrhexis with disappearance of all blood vessels and uniformly
fibrotic and vitrified stroma.
- Dilatation of stem villi: Dilatation of stem villi is defined
as the enlargement of a stem villous vessel > 4 times
that of neighboring vessels of similar caliber.
- Hyper-vascular terminal villi: At least ≥ 10 blood vessels
are found in one terminal or intermediate villus; ≥ 10 of these villi
are found in a visual field at 10x; and ≥ 10 of them are found in ≥ 3
random cotyledon sections.
Figure 4: Accuracy of
antenatal ultrasound detection of placental pathologic findings
- Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve predicting infarction
- ROC curve predicting avascular villi
- ROC curve predicting congestion
- ROC curve predicting chrangiosis
Figure 5: Superb microvascular imaging findings and pathological
findings in case of diffuse small infarctions diagnosed as avascular
villi: (a) Avascular villi was suspected because of detection of only
scatter without villous tree. (b) Diffuse small infarctions are detected
pathologically.