References
1. Kim DT, Lai AC, Hwang C, et al.: The ligament of Marshall: a structural analysis in human hearts with implications for atrial arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36:1324–1327.
2. Valderrábano M, Chen HR, Sidhu J, Rao L, Ling Y, Khoury DS: Retrograde Ethanol Infusion in the Vein of Marshall: Regional Left Atrial Ablation, Vagal Denervation, and Feasibility in Humans. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2009; 2:50–56.
3. He B, Wang X, Zhao F, Guo T, Po SS, Lu Z: The ligament of Marshall and arrhythmias: A review. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2020; :pace.14071.
4. Valderrábano M, Liu X, Sasaridis C, Sidhu J, Little S, Khoury DS: Ethanol infusion in the vein of Marshall: Adjunctive effects during ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2009; 6:1552–1558.
5. Báez-Escudero JL, Morales PF, Dave AS, et al.: Ethanol infusion in the vein of Marshall facilitates mitral isthmus ablation. Heart Rhythm 2012; 9:1207–1215.
6. Dave AS, Báez-Escudero JL, Sasaridis C, Hong TE, Rami T, Valderrábano M: Role of the Vein of Marshall in Atrial Fibrillation Recurrences After Catheter Ablation: Therapeutic Effect of Ethanol Infusion. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2012; 23:583–591.
7. Lee JH, Nam G-B, Kim M, et al.: Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Targeting the Vein of Marshall in Difficult Mitral Isthmus Ablation or Pulmonary Vein Isolation: Vein of Marshall in AF Ablation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2017; 28:386–393.
8. Fujisawa T, Kimura T, Nakajima K, et al.: Importance of the vein of Marshall involvement in mitral isthmus ablation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2019; 42:617–624.
9. Kitamura T, Vlachos K, Denis A, et al.: Ethanol infusion for Marshall bundle epicardial connections in Marshall bundle‐related atrial tachycardias following atrial fibrillation ablation: The accessibility and success rate of ethanol infusion by using a femoral approach. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:1443–1451.
10. Pambrun T, Denis A, Duchateau J, et al.: MARSHALL bundles elimination, Pulmonary veins isolation and Lines completion for ANatomical ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation: MARSHALL-PLAN case series: PAMBRUN et al. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:7–15.
11. Sang C, Lai Y, Long D, et al.: Ethanol infusion into the vein of Marshall for recurrent perimitral atrial tachycardia after catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2020; :pace.14052.
12. Takigawa M, Vlachos K, Martin CA, et al.: Acute and mid-term outcome of ethanol infusion of vein of Marshall for the treatment of perimitral flutter. EP Eur 2020; 22:1252–1260.
13. Valderrábano M, Peterson LE, Swarup V, et al.: Effect of Catheter Ablation With Vein of Marshall Ethanol Infusion vs Catheter Ablation Alone on Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: The VENUS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA American Medical Association, 2020; 324:1620–1628.
14. Liu C, Lo L, Lin Y, et al.: Long‐term efficacy and safety of adjunctive ethanol infusion into the vein of Marshall during catheter ablation for nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:1215–1228.
15. Okishige K, Shigeta T, Nishimura T, et al.: Chemical mapping as a predictor of vein of Marshall ethanol ablative effects. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2020; 43:47–53.
16. Shah Ashok J., Pascale Patrizio, Miyazaki Shinsuke, et al.: Prevalence and Types of Pitfall in the Assessment of Mitral Isthmus Linear Conduction Block. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol American Heart Association, 2012; 5:957–967.
17. Barkagan M, Rottmann M, Leshem E, Shen C, Buxton AE, Anter E: Effect of Baseline Impedance on Ablation Lesion Dimensions: A Multimodality Concept Validation From Physics to Clinical Experience. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2018; 11:e006690.
18. Kawaguchi N, Okishige K, Yamauchi Y, et al.: Clinical impact of ethanol infusion into the vein of Marshall on the mitral isthmus area evaluated by atrial electrograms recorded inside the coronary sinus. Heart Rhythm 2019; 16:1030–1038.
19. Fassini G, Riva S, Chiodelli R, et al.: Left mitral isthmus ablation associated with PV Isolation: long-term results of a prospective randomized study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16:1150–1156.
20. Matsuo S, Wright M, Knecht S, et al.: Peri-mitral atrial flutter in patients with atrial fibrillation ablation. Heart Rhythm 2010; 7:2–8.
21. Wong KCK, Qureshi N, Jones M, Rajappan K, Bashir Y, Betts TR: Mitral isthmus ablation using steerable sheath and high ablation power: a single center experience. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2012; 23:1193–1200.
22. Latcu DG, Squara F, Massaad Y, Bun S-S, Saoudi N, Marchlinski FE: Electroanatomic characteristics of the mitral isthmus associated with successful mitral isthmus ablation. EP Eur 2016; 18:274–280.
23. Sawhney Navinder, Anand Kislay, Robertson Clare E, Wurdeman Taylor, Anousheh Ramtin, Feld Gregory K: Recovery of Mitral Isthmus Conduction Leads to the Development of Macro-Reentrant Tachycardia After Left Atrial Linear Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol American Heart Association, 2011; 4:832–837.
24. Hoshiyama T, Ashikaga K, Nakashima K, Tsujita K, Shibata Y: Atrial flutter following ethanol infusion in the vein of Marshall. Hear Case Rep 2018; 4:155–158.
25 Nakashima T, Pambrun T, Vlachos K, et al. Impact of Vein of Marshall Ethanol Infusion on Mitral Isthmus Block: Efficacy and Durability. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2020 Dec;13(12):e008884.