Conclusion:
Pre-procedural AM angle as well as LVESV and LVEF were associated with LVOT narrowing in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve, valve-in-ring, and valve-in-native valve implantation. These data may be useful for preprocedural planning.
Keywords: 3D, echocardiography, transcatheter, mitral valve, left ventricular outflow tract