References:
1. Devlin HB: Trends in hernia surgery in the land of Astley Cooper. In:
Soper NJ, Ed. Problems in General Surgery. Philadephia:
Lippincott-Raven, 1995, pp. 85-92.
2. Lukash F, Zwiren GT, Andrews HG. Significance of absent vas deferens
at hernia repair in infants and children. J Pediatr Surg 1975;10:765-9.
3. Shepherd G, Rajimwale A. Embryology of the Absent Vas Supported by 2
Cases of Congenital Unilateral Absence of Vas With Varied Associations.
Urol case reports 2014;2:49-50.
4. Martin RA, Jones KL, Downey EC. Congenital absence of the vas
deferens: recurrence in a family. Am J Med Genet 1992;42:714-5.
5. Lane VA, Scammell S, West N, et al. Congenital absence of the vas
deferens and unilateral renal agenesis: implications for patient and
family. Pediatr Surg Int 2014;30:733-6.
6. Abdelmohsen SM, Osman MA. Congenital vanished distal part of the
right vas deferens, a case report. Urol case reports 2017;15:46-7.
7. Weiske WH, Salzler N, Schroeder-Printzen I, et al. Clinical findings
in congenital absence of the vasa deferentia. Andrologia 2000;32:13-8.
8. Donohue RE, Fauver HE. Unilateral absence of the vas deferens. A
useful clinical sign. JAMA 1989;261:1180-2.
9. McCallum TJ, Milunsky JM, Munarriz R, et al. Unilateral renal
agenesis associated with congenital bilateral absence of the vas
deferens: phenotypic findings and genetic considerations. Hum Reprod.
2001;16:282-8.
10. Augarten A, Yahav Y, Kerem BS, et al. Congenital bilateral absence
of vas deferens in the absence of cystic fibrosis. Lancet
1994;344:1473-4.
11. Dörk T, Dworniczak B, Aulehla-Scholz C, et al. Distinct spectrum of
CFTR gene mutations in congenital absence of vas deferens. Hum Genet
1997;100:365-377.
12. Anguiano A, Oates RD, Amos JA, et al. Congenital bilateral absence
of the vas deferens. A primarily genital form of cystic fibrosis. JAMA
1992;267:1794-7.
13. Kaplan E, Shwachman H, Perlmutter AD, et al. Reproductive failure in
males with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1968;279:65-9.
14. Holsclaw DS, Perlmutter AD, Jockin H, et al. Genital abnormalities
in male patients with cystic fibrosis. J Urol 1971;106:568-574.
15. Gaillard DA, Carré-Pigeon F, Lallemand A. Normal vas deferens in
fetuses with cystic fibrosis. J Urol 1997;158:1549-1552.
16. Oates RD, Amos JA. The genetic basis of congenital bilateral absence
of the vas deferens and cystic fibrosis. J Androl 1994;15:1-8.
17. De Braekeleer M, Férec C. Mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene in
men with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Mol Hum
Reprod 1996;2:669-677.
18. Schwarzer JU, Schwarz M. Significance of CFTR gene mutations in
patients with congenital aplasia of vas deferens with special regard to
renal aplasia. Andrologia 2012;44:305-7.
19. Daudin M, Bieth E, Bujan L, et al. Congenital bilateral absence of
the vas deferens: clinical characteristics, biological parameters,
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations, and
implications for genetic counseling. Fertil Steril 2000;74:1164-1174.
20. Mickle J, Milunsky A, Amos JA, et al. Congenital unilateral absence
of the vas deferens: a heterogeneous disorder with two distinct
subpopulations based upon aetiology and mutational status of the cystic
fibrosis gene. Hum Reprod 1995;10:1728-1735.
21. Kolettis PN. The evaluation and management of the azoospermic
patient. J Androl 2002;23:293-305.
22. Deane AM, May RE. Absent vas deferens in association with renal
abnormalities. Br J Urol 1982;54:298-9.
23. Shapiro E, Goldfarb DA, Ritchey ML. The congenital and acquired
solitary kidney. Rev Urol 2003;5:2-8.