Introduction
In the latest European Association of Urology (EAU), a considerable
significance is given to methods of endourological treatments as they
are more commonly practiced in recent years(1). Semi-rigid ureteroscopic
lithotripsy (SULL) is successfully performed in clinical practice.
Though urinary tract infections ranging in clinical severity from fever
to severe urosepsis are the most common complication after
endourological stone surgery despite adequate perioperative
antimicrobial prophylaxis (2,3). As stated in EAU and American
Urological Association (AUA) guidelines, preoperative bladder urine
culture (PBUC) or urine microscopy should be taken before endourological
treatment procedures; yet the timing of PBUC prior to surgery was not
specified (1,4).
In countries with a high prevalence of urinary tract stones, long
waiting times for elective stone surgeries are evident in tertiary
health care facilities. This lengthens the duration between PBUC and
surgical procedures.
In this review, we aim to demonstrate the preoperative and
intraoperative factors that may lead to systemic inflammatory response
syndrome (SIRS) in the early postoperative period and to determine the
impact of the time between PBUC and SULL on the incidence of SIRS.