Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses
The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that the mean difference in
effect gained per IIALY was 0.043 more for app-based treatment than for
care-as-usual. The mean difference in costs was \euro161 less (95%
CI: -180 to -151) in the app-based treatment group, giving an ICER of
-\euro3,696 (95% CI: -6,716 to 12,712). The cost-utility analysis
revealed that there was a mean difference of -0.025 QALYs (i.e. fewer)
for app-based treatment compared with care-as-usual, with an ICUR of
In total, 65.6% of the 5,000 replications in the bootstrap simulation
were in the lower half of the plane, indicating lower costs for
app-based treatment (Figure 2). Moreover, any effects and utilities
gained were comparable, with minimal differences between the groups in
either IIALY (0.043) or QALY (-0.025).