Effectiveness
Both app-based treatment and care-as-usual showed improvements of all symptom scores after 12 months (Supplemental table S3). Severity of incontinence improved with respectively -2.17 (SD 2.8) versus -3.43 (SD 3.6) points, the change in condition-specific quality of life improved with respectively -4.66 (SD 5.1) versus -4.34 (SD 5.7) and generic quality of life improved with respectively 0.021 (SD 0.17) versus 0.0008 (SD 0.14) points. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the change in symptom scores between treatment groups (Supplemental table S4). After 12 months, women gained an average 0.71 IIALYs in the intervention group and 0.66 IIALYs in the care-as-usualgroup (Table 2). In addition, women gained an average of 0.89 QALYs in the app-based treatment group and 0.91 QALYs in the care-as-usualgroup, equating to respective gains of 0.89 and 0.91 years in perfect (incontinence-specific) health.