Statistical analysis
Switchgrass plants were propagated by transferring the same number of tillers into each pot. Three copies of each line were grown in 1-gallon pots. In this study, the control switchgrass plants and two representative NfsI overexpressing transgenic lines were selected for further investigation of root length, ROS contents, 2,4-DNT and DNTS uptake, as well as transcriptome profiling. Each sample included at least three vegetatively propagated copies. Data from each treatment were subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significance of the treatments was tested at thep ≤0.05 level. Standard errors were provided in all tables and figures as appropriate. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS package (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).