No. Author Year Study Type Study Purpose Results
1. Morris et al. [6] 2015 RCT Assessed circadian disruption impact in shift worker Circadian disruption induces a surge in blood pressure and inflammatory biomarkers, associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases
2. Barger et al. [7] 2017 RCT Shift work, sleep apnea, and sleep duration are each an independent cardiovascular diseases risk factor Lesser sleep duration (<6 hours) heightened the risk of cardiovascular events compared to longer ones. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases the risk of cardiovascular events to 12% than compared to without OSA. Overnight shift workers possessed a greater risk of cardiovascular events than daytime workers. Each one is a predictor of prognosis and serious events in ACS
3. Jarrin et al. [8] 2018 RCT Evaluated the role of shift work and sleep abnormalities on heart failure development due to parasympathetic control damage Insomnia with insufficient sleep duration had decreased activity in the parasympathetic system than insomnia with sufficient sleep duration. An increased occurrence between parasympathetic and sympathetic imbalance was also observed. Insomnia treatment may decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases
4. Dutheil et al. [9] 2017 RCT Contrasted the cardiac stress in Emergency Physicians during 14-hours shift as opposed to the 24-hour shift Compared to regular days shift, cardiac stress on night shift was found to double. Recurring incidents of tachycardia occurred throughout shifts with heart rate till 180 beats per minute (bpm). In a 24-hour shift, tachycardia of more than 100 bpm was found more in a lengthier continuance. Pressing stressors, such as emergencies, rose tachycardia duration and occurrences. Stressful conditions provoked more tachycardia, having beats measured at >100, 110, or 120 bpm
5. Kanno et al. [10] 2016 RCT Reviewed insomnia’s effect on heart failure The rate of severe cardiovascular events was significantly higher in insomniac individuals than in normal ones. The insomnia population was observed to have high Aldosterone and Renin activity and concentration. Heart failure with insomnia potently stimulated the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; making insomnia able to predict severe cardiovascular events independently
6. McGrath et al. [11] 2017 RCT Determined the role of risk factor education compared to sleep intervention therapy to reduce blood pressure level The population with sleep intervention exhibited positive changes in the quality of sleep. Website-based sleep intervention also exhibited positive changes in psychosocial health, but did not affect the blood pressure
7. Gheili et al. [12] 2018 RCT Contrasted the role of Oxazepam and Melatonin insomnia management of post-PCI patients Compared to Oxazepam, Melatonin was discovered to enhance sleep quality more. Melatonin also ameliorates anxiety episodes and other risk factors better than Oxazepam in STEMI patients
8. Carroll et al. [13] 2015 RCT Revealed the comparative efficacy of TCC, CBT, and SS to decrease the multisystem biomarkers of disease risk in insomnia Individuals imposing great risk of cardiovascular diseases decreased the risk by improving their sleep. The plausibility to remain in the high-risk population declined at 16 months. In older adults, the risk of chronic diseases can be lessened by increasing sleep quality; sleep quality ameliorates inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular biomarkers