↓Cathelicidin | Anti-bacterial |
Adipokines | Adipokines |
↑Leptin | Immunomodulatory effects |
↑Resistin | Immunomodulatory effects |
↓Adiponectin | Increase insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, anti-inflammatory |
↑Visfatin | Regulate insulin secretion, pro-inflammatory effects |
Cytokines | Cytokines |
↑ IL-6 | Pro-inflammatory |
↑TNF-α | Pro-inflammatory |
↑IL-1β | Pro-inflammatory |
↑MCP-1 | Pro-inflammatory |