5. Conclusion
The density and genetic background of the L. tropicavector, P. sergenti , seem to play a pivotal role in the prevalence of ACL. Between these two localities, endemic and undamaged, there are differences in both the vector density and its main mitochondrial lineage that may explain the different epidemiological situation. Given that the P. sergenti density in Sidi Hajjaj seems sufficient to allow transmission, the main factor that would justify the absence of ACL cases could be the absence of P. sergenti lineage IV, which seems to prefer warmer and drier climates.