General condition and treatment outcome of patients undergoing
SPSE
The surgical results were in table 2. Before and after embolization, the
arterial phase showed the branches and distribution of the splenic
arteries, and the equilibrium phase showed the distribution of the
parenchymal blood supply to the spleen (Fig. 1).
The success rate of the SPSE procedure was 100%. 16 children underwent
embolization of the middle and lower pole of the spleen, and the
expected intraoperative embolization extent was 75%-90%.
Pre-embolization and post-embolization (7-9 days) CT examinations were
completed in 11 patients. The pre- and post-embolization spleen volumes
were calculated and the actual splenic embolic extent was 73.2%-89.1%
(Fig. 2). The difference between the pre-assessed embolic extent and the
actual postoperative embolic extent was not statistically significant.
This result suggests that SPSE can accurately determine the extent of
splenic embolization intraoperatively. For preoperatively larger
spleens, such as larger than 550 cm3, there may be a
small deviation of approximately 10% in the assessment results.
No serious complications had occurred in any patient treated with SPSE
(TABLE 2). All children experienced mild to moderate postembolization
syndrome. 87.5% (14/16) of children presented with mild abdominal pain
with a median abdominal pain duration of 6 days (range 0-9 days), which
could easily be controlled with appropriate supportive therapy.
Postoperative fever and vomiting occurred in 25.0% (4/16) and 31.3%
(5/16) of the children, both of which resolved rapidly on autonomy. No
other serious complications such as splenic abscess, portal vein
embolism, or pulmonary atelectasis occurred.