Female, n (%) |
137 (79.2) |
58 (80.6) |
79 (78.2) |
0.709 |
Age, years |
54.87 ± 8.77 |
52.56 ± 8.71 |
56.51 ± 8.47 |
0.003 |
Risk factors |
|
|
|
|
Previous rheumatic heart valve disease, n (%) |
168 (97.1) |
70 (97.2) |
98 (97) |
> 0.999 |
Atrial fibrillation/flutter, n (%) |
168 (97.1) |
70 (97.2) |
98 (97.0) |
> 0.999 |
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≥ 60 mmHg, n (%) |
10 (5.8) |
6
(8.3) |
4 (4.00 |
0.323 |
NYHA class ≥ III, n (%) |
96 (55.5) |
50 (69.4) |
46 (45.5) |
0.002 |
NYHA class IV, n (%) |
16 (9.2) |
11 (15.3) |
5 (5.0) |
0.021 |
Interval from last heart operation, years |
14.0 (10.0–20.0) |
11.0
(8.0–15.0) |
16.0 (12.0–22.0) |
< 0.001 |
Surgical data |
|
|
|
|
Endoscopic access, n (%) |
95 (54.9) |
7 (9.7) |
88 (87.1) |
< 0.001 |
Replacement, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Bioprosthetic |
83 (48.0) |
47 (65.2) |
36 (35.6) |
<
0.001 |
Mechanical |
18 (10.4) |
16 (22.2) |
2 (2.0) |
<0.001 |
Repair, n (%) |
72 (41.6) |
9 (12.5) |
63 (62.4) |
<0.001 |
Cardiopulmonary bypass time, minutes |
98.0 (75.0–118.5) |
80.0
(64.0–101.5) |
107 (83.0–132.0) |
<0.001 |
Ventilation time, hours |
21.5 (12.8–30.5) |
24.5 (19.0–46.0) |
20.5
(10.0–26.0) |
0.002 |
ICU stay, hours |
70.5 (45.8–117.3) |
71.5 (45.0–134.0) |
69.0
(46.0–117.0) |
0.635 |
Complication, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Low cardiac output syndrome |
29 (16.8) |
16 (22.2) |
13 (12.9) |
0.105 |
Respiratory complication |
28 (16.2) |
14 (19.4) |
14 (13.9) |
0.326 |
Reoperation for chest bleeding |
10 (5.8) |
8 (11.1) |
2 (2.0) |
0.011 |
Poor wound healing |
7 (4.0) |
6 (8.3) |
1 (1.0) |
0.021 |
In–hospital mortality, n (%) |
19 (11.0) |
12 (16.7) |
7 (6.9) |
0.044 |