Subjects
We conducted a cross-sectional study on pregnant women in late pregnancy
who had their first visit to the Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from November
2019 to July 2020. Inclusion criteria: 18-45 years old, intrauterine
pregnancy, and intact fetal membrane. Exclusion criteria: unexplained
vaginal bleeding; placenta previa; cervical cerclage; subjective
induction of labor and abortion; antibiotic treatment within 4 weeks;
sexual intercourse or use of vaginal medication within 3 days; mental or
intellectual abnormalities or unable to answer related questions;
incomplete questionnaire information; vulvar skin diseases, etc. The
pregnant women were informed of the purpose of the study and all
patients were included in the study after informed consent.