ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank Dr. E. Ward and Dr. M. Modrák for their advice on debugging parameterization code. We are grateful to all the researchers and students who helped with field data collection, without which our study would not have been possible. This study received generous support and encouragement from local fishermen and the fisheries office of the Fisherman’s Cooperative Association in Akkeshi. This research was funded by grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology Japan to T.N. (nos. 20570012, 24570012, 15K07208, and 18H02503).