Fig. 1. The average response of plant communities (n = 34) to nutrient addition, herbivore exclusion by fencing, and their interaction. Values show means of raw data, error bars are bootstrapped 95% confidence interval. See Table S3 for test statistics. Asterisks indicate significance of treatment effects: * P<0.1; ** P<0.05; *** P<0.001. TCD: temporal community dissimilarity; TAG: temporal abundance gradients; TBV: temporal balanced variation in abundance; SCD: spatial community dissimilarity; SAG: spatial abundance gradients; SBV: spatial balanced variation in abundance.