FIGURE and TABLE CAPTIONS
Figure 1 The study site and the distribution of 4 vineyards
within this region. A, Cabernet Sauvignon (CS). B, Merlot (M).C,
Chardonnay (C). D, Italian Riesling (IR). Soil samples from CS, M, and C
vineyards were collected from Huida Chateau, while IR vineyard soil
samples were collected from the Xiaojiayao winegrapes planting area.
Figure 2 Venn diagrams demonstrating the shared and unique
bacterial and fungal sequences associated with different land-use
patterns. (a), bacteria; (b), fungi. CS, Cabernet Sauvignon; M, Merlot;
C, Chardonnay; IR, Italian Riesling; DL, desert land.
FIGURE 3 The relative abundance of major bacterial and fungal
taxonomic groups at the phylum level across the five land-use types.
(a), bacteria; (b), fungi. CS, Cabernet Sauvignon; M, Merlot; C,
Chardonnay; IR, Italian Riesling; DL, desert land.
FIGURE 4 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination
for soil bacterial and fungal communities associated with different
land-use types. (a), bacteria; (b), fungi. CS, Cabernet Sauvignon; M,
Merlot; C, Chardonnay; IR, Italian Riesling; DL, desert land.
FIGURE 5 Hierarchical clustering analysis of bacterial and
fungal community structure. The panel on the right is a stacked
histogram of the top 10 most abundant genera. (a), bacteria; (b), fungi.
CS, Cabernet Sauvignon; M, Merlot; C, Chardonnay; IR, Italian Riesling;
DL, desert land.
FIGURE 6 Taxonomic hierarchical relationships from the phylum
to species level in bacterial and fungal communities. Node sizes
correspond to average relative taxa abundance. Hollow nodes correspond
to taxa for which there were no significant differences between groups,
whereas colored nodes correspond to taxa that differed significantly
between groups, with a higher abundance in grouped samples corresponding
to a given color. Letters correspond to the names of the taxa that
differed significantly between groups. (a), bacteria; (b), fungi. CS,
Cabernet Sauvignon; M, Merlot; C, Chardonnay; IR, Italian Riesling; DL,
desert land.
FIGURE 7Redundancy
analysis (RDA) of chemical parameters associated with the five land-use
types. (a), bacteria; (b), fungi. TN, total nitrogen; TP, total
phosphorus; TK, total potassium; SOC, soil organic carbon.
TABLE 1 Soil properties associated with different land-use
types
Notes: Values are mean ± standard deviation (n = 3); different letters
indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among
different land-use types based on a one-way ANOVA followed by a Duncan
test. P values less than 0.05 indicate significance and are in
italics.
Abbreviations: CS, Cabernet Sauvignon; M, Merlot; C, Chardonnay; IR,
Italian Riesling; DL, desert land. TN, total nitrogen; TP, total
phosphorus; TK, total potassium; SOC, soil organic carbon.
TABLE 2 Soil microbial community alpha diversity indices
associated with different land-use types
Notes: Values are mean ± standard deviation (n = 3); different letters
indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among
different land-use types based on a one-way ANOVA followed by a Duncan
test. P values less than 0.05 indicate significance and are in
italics.
Abbreviations: CS, Cabernet Sauvignon; M, Merlot; C, Chardonnay; IR,
Italian Riesling; DL, desert land.
TABLE 3 Permutational multivariate analysis of variance
(PERMANOVA) table for bacterial and fungal community composition
differences associated with different land-use types
TABLE S Pearson correlation of chemical parameters associated
with the soil microbial diversity (n = 15)
Notes: *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01.
Abbreviations: TN, total nitrogen; TP, total phosphorus; TK, total
potassium; SOC, soil organic carbon.