Study population
We retrospectively analyzed the data of 784 patients with upper urinary
tract stones who successfully received FURSL in our unit from January
2015 to October 2020. Prior to operation, all patients received the
routine assessment which included medical history inspection, routine
blood test, coagulation parameters, urine analysis, serum creatinine,
electrocardiogram, ultrasonography, intravenous urography, compute
tomography scan of abdomen and pelvis. The stone burden was measured
based on the maximal diameter of the stone on non-contrast CT in all
patients. Appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis was administered
pre-operatively and intra-operatively according to the patient’s
positive urine culture results, and adequate control of urinary tract
infections was confirmed by urine culture before surgical management.
Prophylactic antibiotic including quinolones or cephalosporins was
administered pre-operatively and intra-operatively to patients with
negative urine culture results. All operations were performed by
surgeons of the same seniority.