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Fig. 1. The effect of treatment, i.e. control vs. gradual temperature
increase (GTI) and generation on proportion of individuals which
survived till the end of a given generation. The box encloses the
inter-quartile range (IQR, values between the first and third quartiles
of the data), horizontal bar within the box indicates the median, and
whiskers 1.5x IQR.
Fig. 2. Proportions of populations enriched for both fighter and
scrambler genes (F populations and S populations, respectively) that
survived throughout 4 generations in control and gradual temperature
increase (GTI) treatment.
Fig. 3. Schematic representation of short and long-term effects of the
sexual selection on population fitness. Within any population at a given
time, natural selection will favour the fittest individuals (grey areas
within gaussian distribution of fitness values), a process that can be
further enhanced by good genes sexual selection (black areas). Thus,
sexual selection would increase population fitness. However, increasing
investment in sexually selected traits may also have negative impact on
population fitness, e.g. due to their sexually antagonistic effects on
female fitness. As sexually selected traits evolve to be more and more
elaborated, this negative impact may outweigh the positive good genes
effects. Consequently, the relationship between the investment in
sexually selected traits, and population fitness can become negative in
the long term (red line). Such relationship may be detected e.g. in
comparative analyses across species, despite positive relationship
between elaboration of sexual traits and fitness detected within each
species.