Fig. 3 Relationships of quadrat-level biomass of E. crassipes ,A. philoxeroides , and C. caroliniana and quadrat-level performance of co-occurring exotic plants (A), quadrat-level richness (B) and performance (C) of native plants, defoliation (C), annual mean temperature (E), water nutrient status (F), and water depth (G).
Hierarchical partitioning results indicated thatPexotic_quadrat was the most important determinant factor for biomass of A. philoxeroides (independent effect = 68.11%), followed by T ,Rnative_quadrat ,Pnative_quadrat , Nwater , and Hquadrat (independent effects were 17.08%, 8.31%, 4.91%, 1.09%, and 0.50%);Pexotic_quadrat was the most important determinant factor for biomass of E. crassipes (independent effect = 54.55%) too, followed byRnative_quadrat ,Pnative_quadrat , T ,Hquadrat , and Nwater(independent effects were 32.37%, 8.91%, 2.96%, 0.93%, and 0.28%);Pnative_quadrat was the most important determinant factor for biomass of C. caroliniana (independent effect = 45.19%), followed by Nwater ,Rnative_quadrat ,Hquadrat , T , andPexotic_quadrat (independent effects were 38.44%, 11.72%, 2.68%, 1.50%, and 0.47%)(Fig. 5B).