Study design
This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent TLE as part of the treatment for CIED infection (including generator and/or lead extrusion, infective endocarditis [IE], persistent bacteremia, and pocket infection). Consecutive patients aged >18 years who had undergone TLE with complete capsulectomy (i.e., total removal of the anterior and posterior fibrous capsule) or CHG scrubbing without capsulectomy between July 2013 and September 2020 were included in the analysis. Patients who had partial capsulectomy were excluded. All patients signed a written informed consent authorizing the procedure.