Anatomical considerations
The effective ablation rate was estimated at 90% by either strategy in the total patients, indicating 10% of the patients with the EVA sites over 5.7mm to PVVJ required a specific strategy. For the patient with the EVA site 8.5mm beneath the PVVJ, the subvalvular strategy was preferred (Supplementary Figure 1). For the patient with the EVA site 5.9mm above PVVJ, the supravalvular strategy was preferred (Supplementary Figure 2). For the patient with EVA site in PA, either strategy worked (Supplementary Figure 3). A few patients still had IA failure by ipsilateral IA because catheter stability is also a prerequisite for successful ablation. When the VA origins were close to the PVVJ, the two strategies may have equal ablation effectiveness. The strategy with better catheter stability may be preferred.