Relationship between arch-apex position and postoperative branch pulmonary venous obstruction
All branch PVOs were on the apex side. The aortic arch and apex were on the same side in eight patients and on opposite sides in 10 patients. Among patients with the aortic arch and apex on the same side, four (4/8 = 50%) had branch PVOs. Among patients with these on opposite sides, three (3/10 = 30%) had branch PVO (P =0.35). PVO occurred 4/7 in dextrocardia and 3/11 in levocardia (P=0.33) (Table 1 ). In all PVO patients except one who was performed TAPVC repair using conventional procedure, they had an obstruction of one branch in the lower portion of the apex, while the exceptional one had an obstruction of two branches in the apex side.