Expansion and contraction of gene family
The expansion and contraction of gene family were determined by CAFE (-p 0.01, -r 1000, -s; v3.1) (De Bie et al. 2006) using the random birth-and-death (λ) model, and the probability of each gene family with observed sizes was calculated using 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations. Three results, including the phylogenetic relationships, divergence time, and fossil records, were used in this analysis. Both expanded gene families in B. l. tsinlingensis and the salmonid lineage were calculated, and these genes were used in Gene Ontology (GO)/ KEGG enrichment analysis (Beissbarth & Speed 2004; Huang da et al. 2009).