*Number of plant species for which each trait was available (total
number of species used in the PACo analysis for cophylogenetic signal)
1A trichromatic phenotype was simulated based on S, M
and L cones, with peak spectral sensitivities (λmax) of 425 and 53,
respectively. The peak sensitivities selected roughly correspond to a
typical old word monkey phenotype, as well as many Strepsirrhines (Nevo
et al. 2018)
2First and second axis explained 64% of the variance
in nutritional content of fruits (Supplementary Material S7).
Phylogenetic reconstruction
We used ultrametric time-calibrated phylogenies and reconstructed both
plant and lemur phylogeny at the species-level. For plants, we used two
phylogeny sets: (a) complete, including all plant species in our
dataset, and (b) native, excluding plant species considered introduced
and/or invasive, following Kull et al. (2012) (SM Table S4). After
updating the plant taxonomy nomenclature (WFO 2022), species
relationships were obtained using ‘V.Phylomaker’ package in R, the most
extensive phylogeny reconstruction tool covering the highest below
family-level plant diversity, and with accurate and updated age
estimates for internal nodes (Jin and Qian 2019). Lemur phylogeny was
obtained from Bray et al. (2019), and taxonomic resolution was
supplemented with additional references (Pastorini et al. 2001; Markolf
et al. 2013; Lei et al. 2017).